Ryoji SAKAi.

"Bullying" is a phenomenon that has been seen for a long time in any society and by any generation， but the suicide of elementary and junior high school students who were worried about bullying happened successively in 2006 and bullying has been taken up as a sensational social issue again (Sakai，2007). Here，we conducted a questionnaire survey on bullying in three elementary schools. The questionnaire consisted of 12 1ower items and free descriptions of the opinion concerning bullying， The investigation object was a group of 303 people (153 boysj50 girls) from 4th graders to 6th graders in Aichi.
As a result, the child who was more than 90％ by aH school years thought that it “was a prohibited thing to torment a friend". ln addition, about 30％in these children think that the bullying is prohibited even if there is a bad place to a tormented child. 0n the contrary, the children who think so is 60 percent or more the children who answered，"Because the bullied children also have the fault,it cannot be helped, and has increased when the school year rises. About 80 percent of children are afraid to be the target of the buHying, and they think that they do not want to be related to bullying･
Child has a feeling that l want to stop bullying. However, at the same time then, they have a fear that they might be towards the bullying themselves. Therefore, children have feelings about asking for more attention to bullying when watching and listening to the teacher.
Grade 6 children will be more subtle bullying. Therefore the audience and the bystander are not seen whether to bully it easily and it is performed to the way. The child whom l answered that I "should take revenge if tormented" is about a httle less than 50％, and such a consciousness rises as a school year rises.
It can be said that it has the possibility that everyone bullies, and is bullied as long as the condition is satisfactory for the grade-schooler. Therefore, a positive appeal from parents and the teacher will act effectively for the bullying prevention. Moreover, it can be said that the child is requesting the teacher's positive intervention for the bullying prevention.
ln the result of a free description， a lot of opinions ("The victim was poor" and "Why the victim was bllied is not understood " etc.) that affirmed the victim of bullying were seen. There were a lot of opinions that the bullying was wrong, and we have to think about the feeling ofthe victim more.

Tatsuo TAMAGAWA.

National health care movement ofthe 21st century (Healthy Japan 21)" is a healthy measure of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. The purpose is to decrease a social load due to the sickness and the trouble, and extend the public health longevity. Moreover, the emphasis of sick prevention is assumed to have to put it on dying young. lt was clarified that there were a lot of items that went away oppositely far from coming close to one's goal in the interim report though the concrete target related to the health such as the death, contraction due to disease, and the risk factor on the life style, etc.had been set. Then, the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare began a specific health examination (so-called metabolic syndrome health examination) of unprecedented and the world first that a fine was slapped to the insurance person who did not realize a target in 2008. Does healthy Japan 21 succeed really? Problems of nourishment and exercise, etc.were discussed.

Yuzo SATO.

The recent increase in the number of people with dlabetes and metabolic syndrome is now thought to be pandemic, and it is vital that we work out an urgent and global countermeasure. lt has become apparent from clinical and epidemiological follow-up studies that appropriate dietary restriction and physical exercise improve in vivo insulin resistance and are useful for the prevention and treatment of lifestyle-related diseases, including the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes, Diagnostic criteria for the metabolic syndrome in adults are as follows: visceral fat obesity (waist circumference: men≧85cm, women≧90cm) and 2 items among the following 3 items (1) lipid abnonnalities: TG≧150mg/dl and/or HDL-C＜40mg/d1, (2) hypertension: SBP≧130mmHg and/or DBP≧85mmHg，(3) hyperglycemia: FBS ≧110mg/d1. Diagnostic criteria for the metabolic syndrome in children are as follows: waist circumference ≧80 cm (waist circumference/height ≧0.5 or waist circumference ≧75 cm for primary school pupils); 1ipid abnormalities: TG≧120mg/dl and/or HDL-C ＜40mg/d1; hypertension: SBP≧125mmHg and/or SBP≧70mmHg; hyperglycemia: FBS≧100mg/d1.
In studies that examined the endocrinologic and metabolic effects of exercisejt has been demonstrated that regular physical exercise promotes the utilization of blood glucose and free fatty acids in muscles and results in the lowering of blood glucose levels in patients with metabolic syndrome. ln addition，physical exercise combined with diqtary restriction prevents or eliminates obesity， one of the main factors of the metabolic syndrome. Furthermore，1ong-term jogging at a mild intensity, performed in a regular basis, increases the action of insulin in both carbohydrate and lipid metabolism without innfluencing body mass index or maximal oxygen uptake.
lt is,therefore, very important to teach children the importance of having healthy habits such as proper diet and physieal exereise. However, as the eontinuation of proper lifestyles is very difficult, as already reported by the Diabetes Prevention Program Research Groupjt is also necessary to educate children on how to incorporate regular exercise into their daily lives.
Therefore，Yogo teachers have a very important role conceming the implementatlon of health education activities in schools under the administration of school doctors.

Aki Akamine, Mitsuro Kida.

This study explored whether the P3 event-related brain potential (ERP) is sensitive to the contents of pictures presented during a discriminative reaction time (RT)task.ln the Stop-cars task, five categories of picture (cars, people, electronics, nowers, and landscapes) were presented randomly, with probabilities of .40，.30，.10，.10，and .10，respectively. Thirty-one participants were asked to respond to every stimulus that was not a car by pressing a button. Another twenty-one participants also engaged in a Stop-figures task, which was identical to the Stop-cars task except that simple geometric figures replaced the car stimuli. ERPs for equiprobable stimuli (electronics，fowers，and landscapes)were analyzed.Two types of P3s were seen at around 380 ms and 520 ms after stimulus onset. The first component (early P3) featured a parietal maximal and seemed equivalent to the “classica1 P3" (P3b).The second component(1ate P3) was more anteriorly distributed. For both tasks, the amplitudes of early P3 differed across the stimuli. Additionally, the early P3 elicited by electronics stimuli was larger during the Stop-nguTes task than during the Stop-cars task. lt is well known that P3 (P3b) amplitudes can vary as a function of stimulus probability during a simple oddball task. However, the present results suggest that P3 amplitude for complex pictures in a discriminative RT task might be sensitive to stimulus content rather than probabilities.